Excerpt
80 NONVIOLENT METHODS
I. ACTIONS TO SEND A MESSAGE
FORMAL STATEMENTS
1. Public Speeches
2. Letters of Opposition or Support
3. Declarations by Individuals and Organizations
4. Signed Public Statements
5. Group or Mass Petitions
COMMUNICATIONWITH A WIDER AUDIENCE
6. Slogans, Satire, Caricatures, and Symbols
7. Banners, Posters, Bumper Stickers, and Displays
8. Leaflets, Flyers, Pamphlets, Articles, and Books
9. Newspapers and Journals
10. Radio, TV, Press Conferences, CDs, Cell Phones, and the Internet
11. Skywriting and Earth-Writing
GROUP REPRESENTATIONS
12. Deputations
13. Mock Awards
14. Group Lobbying
15. Picketing
16. Mock Elections
SYMBOLIC PUBLIC ACTS
17. Displays of Flags and Symbolic Colors
18. Wearing of Symbols
19. Photos
20. Prayer and Worship
21. Delivering Symbolic Objects
22. Symbolic Lights
23. Symbolic Sounds
PRESSURE ON INDIVIDUALS
24. “Haunting” or “Shadowing”
25. Fraternization
26. Vigils
DRAMA AND MUSIC
27. Humorous Skits, Street Theater, and Pranks
28. Performances of Plays and Music
29. Singing
30. Films
PROCESSIONS
31. Marches
32. Parades
33. Religious Processions
34. Pilgrimages
35. Motorcades
HONORINGTHE DEAD
36. Mourning
37. Mock Funerals
38. Homage at Burial Places
PUBLIC ASSEMBLIES
39. Assemblies of Protest or Support
40. Teach-Ins
WITHDRAWAL AND RENUNCIATION
41. Walk-Outs
42. Silence
43. Renouncing Honors
44. Turning One’s Back
II. ACTIONS TO SUSPEND
COOPERATION AND ASSISTANCE
Social Noncooperation
OSTRACISM OF PERSONS
45. Social Boycott
46. Selective Social Boycott
NONCOOPERATIONWITH SOCIAL EVENTS,
CUSTOMS,AND INSTITUTIONS
47. Suspension of Social and Sports Activities
48. Boycott of Social Affairs
49. Student Strike
50. Social Disobedience
51. Withdrawal from Social Institutions
52. Nonobedience and Disguised Disobedience
WITHDRAWAL FROM THE SOCIAL SYSTEM
53. Stay-at-Home
54. Sanctuary
Economic Noncooperation
ACTION BY CONSUMERS
55. Consumer Boycott
56. Policy of Austerity
ACTION BY HOLDERS OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES
57. Refusal to Pay Fees, Dues, and Assessments
58. Creation of Alternative Financial Mechanisms
STRIKES
59. Protest Strike
60. Professional Strike
61. Sympathetic Strike
62. Detailed Strike
63. Slow-Down Strike
64. “Sick-In”
65. Limited Strike
III. NONVIOLENT INTERVENTION
PSYCHOLOGICAL INTERVENTION
66. The Fast
67. Nonviolent Aggravation
PHYSICAL INTERVENTION
68. Sit-Down
69. Sit-In
70. Stand-In
71. Pray-In
72. Call-In
73. Nonviolent Interjection
74. Nonviolent Obstruction
75. Nonviolent Occupation
76. Civil Disobedience
SOCIAL INTERVENTION
77. Establishing New Patterns
78. Speak-In
79. Alternative Social or Religious Institutions
80. Seeking Imprisonment